设施选址和布置概述

上一期中，我们讲述了产品研发的重要性，能让企业在如今激烈的竞争环境中脱颖而出，同时，企业的设施选址和布置也同样重要。选址是指为工厂或者服务场所选择合适地点，而布置则是对设施内的设备进行合理安排，使得能够更好的完成生产或者服务经营。选址决策在企业运作管理中具有十分重要的地位，早已扩展到整个供应链上的合作伙伴那里，企业的竞争力将直接受到其地理位置和环境影响。同时，选址是一项巨大的永久性投资，影响企业的机会成本。选址的好坏也会作用于员工，对于他们的工作情绪和员工关系都存在很大影响。

In the previous issue, we talked about the importance of product development to differentiate companies in today's competitive environment, as well as the location and layout of their facilities. Site selection refers to the selection of suitable locations for factories or service sites, while the layout is a reasonable arrangement for the equipment in the facility, so that production or service operations can be better completed. Site selection decisions have a very important position in the operation and management of enterprises, and have long been extended to partners in the entire supply chain, and the competitiveness of enterprises will be directly affected by their geographical location and environmental impact. At the same time, site selection is a huge permanent investment that affects the opportunity cost of the business. The quality of the location will also affect the employees, which has a great impact on their work mood and employee relationships.

影响选址的因素

影响选址的因素有很多，总结下来主要是经济因素和其他因素，其中其他因素包括政治因素，如政治局势、税收情况等；社会因素，如人员年龄结构、生活习惯等；自然因素，如气候条件和水资源情况。其中，最为重要的便是经济因素，主要涉及交通运输、劳动力获取、能源获取以及厂址条件对费用的影响。

There are many factors affecting the location of the site, which are mainly economic factors and other factors, of which other factors include political factors, such as political situation, tax situation, etc.; social factors, such as the age structure of personnel, living habits, etc.; natural factors, such as climatic conditions and water resources. The most important of these are economic factors, mainly related to transportation, access to labor, access to energy and the impact of site conditions on costs.

参考文献：生产运作管理；

翻译：谷歌翻译

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文案|李恒宇

排版|李恒宇

审核|李小雪