工厂设备布置

上一期中我们讲述了设施选址的重要性，在选定设施后，需要对设施内部的设备进行布置，以满足高效、快捷地制造需求。设备布置可以分为两类，一类是工艺专业化原则，另一类是对象专业化原则，前者指在每个工作单元中，存在相同工艺地=的工人和设备，可以完成不同产品相同工艺的制作；而后者是指在每个工作单元中，存在相同产品的工人、设备和工艺装备，可以实现相同产品部分或全部工作。不同的布置专业化原则也适应不同的工作需求，工艺专业化原则更适应于个性化需求较高的产品制造，如分工艺车间制造；而后者则是更适合流水线制造，更加快捷高效，利于生产运作管理。但是，如今随着社会环境的变化，两种布置原则实际上是相辅相成，一个工厂在布置设备时往往是将两种原则杂糅在一起实现的。

In the previous issue, we talked about the importance of facility site selection, after selecting the facility, the equipment inside the facility needs to be arranged to meet the needs of efficient and fast manufacturing. Equipment layout can be divided into two categories, one is the principle of process specialization, the other is the principle of object specialization, the former refers to the existence of the same process in each work unit , there are the same process place = workers and equipment, can complete the production of different products of the same process; and the latter refers to the existence of the same product in each work unit, the same product workers, equipment and process equipment, can achieve the same product part or all of the work. Different layout specialization principles also adapt to different work needs, process specialization principles are more suitable for product manufacturing with higher personalized needs, such as sub-process workshop manufacturing; and the latter is more suitable for assembly line manufacturing, more efficient and efficient, conducive to production operation management. However, with the changes in the social environment today, the two principles of arrangement are actually complementary, and a factory often mixes the two principles together when arranging equipment.

工厂设施布置形式

对于设备的具体布置形式，一般有如下几点：固定布置形式、产品布置形式、工艺过程布置形式、制造单元布置形式、C型布置形式以及U型布置形式。产品布置形式和工艺过程布置形式对象专业化原则和工艺专业化原则，C型和U型则是指设备布置的位置类似于一个循环，便于装卸搬运和进货出货，其中，制造单元布置形式则是类似于产品专业化原则，按照不同生产线进行布置，但是各生产线类似的工艺则是共同完成，这有效提高了生产的效率。

For the specific layout of the equipment, there are generally the following points: fixed layout form, product layout form, process layout form, manufacturing unit layout form, C-type layout form and U-shaped layout form. Product layout form and process layout form object specialization principle and process specialization principle, C type and U type refers to the location of the equipment layout is similar to a cycle, easy to load and unload handling and incoming and shipping, of which, the manufacturing unit layout form is similar to the principle of product specialization, arranged according to different production lines, but the similar processes of each production line are jointly completed, which effectively improves the efficiency of production.

参考资料：文字：生产运作管理；翻译：谷歌翻译

本文由LearningYard新学苑原创，部分图片文字来自网络，如有侵权请联系。

文案|李恒宇

排版|李恒宇

审核|李小雪